Caching is the process of temporarily storing versions of web pages, images, and other assets so they can be served quickly to users without the server having to regenerate them from scratch on every visit. Browser caching stores files locally on a user’s device, while server-side caching stores pre-rendered pages on the server. Proper caching implementation significantly improves page load speed, reduces server load, and contributes to better Core Web Vitals scores and SEO performance.